6.1.xa. Exercise answers

1. a.

Ann introduced Bill to Carol

[λxyz (x introduced y to z)] Ann Bill Carol

Iabc
I fits a, b, ’n c

[I: λxyz (x introduced y to z); a: Ann; b: Bill; c: Carol]
  b.

Ann gave the book to either Bill or Carol

Ann gave the book to BillAnn gave the book to Carol

[λxyz (x gave y to z)] Ann the book Bill ∨ [λxyz (x gave y to z)] Ann the book Carol

Gakb ∨ Gakc
either G fits a, k, ’n b or G fits a, k, ’n c

[G: λxyz (x gave y to z); a: Ann; b: Bill; c: Carol; k: the book]
  c.

Ann gave the book to Bill and he gave it to Carol

Ann gave the book to BillBill gave the book to Carol

[λxyz (x gave y to z)] Ann the book Bill ∧ [λxyz (x gave y to z)] Bill the book Carol

Gakb ∧ Gbkc
both G fits a, k, ’n b and G fits b, k, ’n c

[G: λxyz (x gave y to z); a: Ann; b: Bill; c: Carol; k: the book]
  d.

Tom had the package sent to Sue, but it was returned to him

Tom had the package sent to Suethe package was returned to Tom

[λxyz (x had y sent to z)] Tom the package Sue ∧ [λxy (x was returned to y)] the package Tom

Htps ∧ Rpt
both H fits t, p, ’n s and R fits p ’n t

[H: λxyz (x had y sent to z); R: λxy (x was returned to y); p: the package; s: Sue; t: Tom]
  e.

Georgia will see Ed if she gets to Denver before Saturday

Georgia will see EdGeorgia will get to Denver before Saturday

[λxy (x will see y)] Georgia Ed ← [λxyz (x will get to y before z)] Georgia Denver Saturday

Sge ← Ggds
Ggds → Sge
if G fits g, d, ’n s then S fits g ’n e

[G: λxyz (x will get to y before z); S: λxy (x will see y); d: Denver; e: Ed; g: Georgia; s: Saturday]
  f.

If the murderer is either the butler or the nephew, then I’m Sherlock Holmes

the murderer is either the butler or the nephewI’m Sherlock Holmes

(the murderer is the butlerthe murderer is the nephew) → I = Sherlock Holmes

(the murderer = the butlerthe murderer = the nephew) → i = s

(m = b ∨ m = n) → i = s
if either m is b or m is n then i is s

[b: the butler; i: I; m: the murderer; n: the nephew; s: Sherlock Holmes]
  g.

Neither Ann nor Bill saw Tom speak to either Mike or Nancy

¬ (Ann saw Tom speak to either Mike or NancyBill saw Tom speak to either Mike or Nancy)

¬ ((Ann saw Tom speak to MikeAnn saw Tom speak to Nancy) ∨ (Bill saw Tom speak to MikeBill saw Tom speak to Nancy))

¬ (([λxyz (x saw y speak to z)] Ann Tom Mike ∨ [λxyz (x saw y speak to z)] Ann Tom Nancy) ∨ ([λxyz (x saw y speak to z)] Bill Tom Mike ∨ [λxyz (x saw y speak to z)] Bill Tom Nancy))

¬ ((Satm ∨ Satn) ∨ (Sbtm ∨ Sbtn))
not either either S fits a, t, ’n m or S fits a,t, ’n n or either S fits b,t, ’n m or S fits b,t, ’n n

[S: λxyz (x saw y speak to z); a: Ann; b: Bill; m: Mike; n: Nancy; t: Tom]
  h.

Tom will agree if each of Ann, Bill, and Carol asks him

Tom will agreeeach of Ann, Bill, and Carol will ask Tom

Tom will agree ← ((Ann will ask TomBill will ask Tom) ∧ Carol will ask Tom)

[λx (x will agree)] Tom ← (([λxy (x will ask y)] Ann Tom ∧ [λxy (x will ask y)] Bill Tom) ∧ [λxy (x will ask y)] Carol Tom)

Gt ← ((Aat ∧ Abt) ∧ Act)
((Aat ∧ Abt) ∧ Act) → Gt
if both both A fits a ’n t and A fits b ’n t and A fits c ’n t then G fits t

[A: λxy (x will ask y); G: λx (x will agree); a: Ann; b: Bill; c: Carol; t: Tom]
The function of each here is to indicate a group of two-place predication rather than a single four-place predicate λxyzw (x, y, and z will ask w), which is what would be required in order to express instead the idea of Ann, Bill, and Carol making the request as a group.
2. a.

[λxy (x is west of y)] Crawfordsville Indianapolis
∧ [λxy (x is south of y)] Crawfordsville Lafayette

Crawfordsville is west of IndianapolisCrawfordsville is south of Lafayette

Crawfordsville is west of Indianapolis and south of Lafayette

  b. [λxy (x has met y)] Ann Bill → [λxy (x has met y)] Bill Ann
Ann has met BillBill has met Ann
If Ann has met Bill then he has met her
  c.

[λxyz (x introduced y to z)] Alice Clarice Boris
∧ [λxyz (x introduced y to z)] Alice Doris Boris

Alice introduced Clarice to BorisAlice introduced Doris to Boris

Alice introduced Clarice and Doris to Boris

  d.

[λxy (x wrote to y)] Alice Boris
∧ [λxyzw (x asked y to write z about w)] Alice Boris Alice Boris

Alice wrote to BorisAlice asked Boris to write Alice about Boris

Alice wrote to BorisAlice asked Boris to write her about himself

Alice wrote to Boris and asked him to write her about himself

  e.

g = c → (f = s ∧ p = t)

Green Bay = the city → (football = the sportthe Packers = the team)

Green Bay is the city → (football is the sportthe Packers are the team)

Green Bay is the cityfootball is the sport and the Packers are the team

If Green Bay is the city, then football is the sport and the Packers are the team

Glen Helman 25 Aug 2005