The following are the topics to be covered. The proportion of the test covering each will approximate the proportion of the classes so far that have been devoted to that topic. Your homework and the collection of old tests will provide specific examples of the kinds of questions I might ask.

• Analysis. Be able to analyze the logical form of a sentence as fully as possible using negation and disjunction in addition to conjunction and present the form in both symbolic and English notation (that is, with the logical and symbol and by expressing forms using both-and, etc.).
• Synthesis. You may be given a symbolic form and an interpretation of its non-logical vocabulary and asked to express the sentence in English.
• Derivations. Be able to construct derivations to show that entailments hold and to show that they fail. I may tell you in advance whether an entailment holds or leave it to you to check that using derivations. There will be at least one derivation where detachment and attachment rules may be used and where they will shorten the proof. But there will be other derivations where you must rely on others rules, either because detachment and attachment rules do not apply or because I tell you not to use them.
  I may also ask you to explain why a derivation rule is safe or sound with reference to the extensional interpretations (i.e., assignments of truth values) that divide gaps before and after the rule is applied.