The list below is designed to guide your studying for the first test. It includes a variety of ideas from the philosophers we will have discussed. On the list, you will find single concepts or topics, distinctions, and lists of related or contrasting concepts (separated by slashes). To be well prepared, you should

I’ve tried to phrase items on the list using forms of expression you’ve seen in the reading (and follow the order in which the ideas appear in each philosopher) but if it isn’t clear what I have in mind in an item on the list or where it appears in what you’ve read, don’t hesitate to ask.

The actual questions on the test may take a number of forms. You may be asked to provide a definition of a concept or to explain a distinction. You may be asked to identify the philosopher with whom a distinctive idea is associated (or the philosopher who wrote a given passage concerning the idea). You may asked to write a short essay explaining a philosopher’s views concerning one of these ideas or to compare the views of two or more philosophers regarding these ideas. In short, while the list does not indicate the format of the test, it does indicate the material on which you will be tested.